Acid reflux is a condition in which stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing irritation and discomfort.
Normally, a muscle called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) keeps stomach acid from entering the esophagus, but if this muscle relaxes or weakens, acid can flow up into the esophagus, leading to symptoms such as heartburn, regurgitation, and difficulty swallowing.
Acid reflux can be caused by a variety of factors, including certain foods, obesity, pregnancy, smoking, and certain medical conditions. Treatment may include lifestyle changes, such as avoiding trigger foods and losing weight, as well as medications to reduce acid production or strengthen the LES. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.
